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| 1 | DENTSPLY INTERNATIONAL INC /DE/ | NOTE 10 – FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND DERIVATIVES On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the new accounting guidance for expanded disclosures about derivative instruments and hedging activities. As a result the Company has expanded its disclosures about its strategies, objectives and risks for using derivative instruments. In addition, the Company has disclosed the fair value of derivative instruments and their gains and losses in tabular format as required. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities The Company's activities expose it to a variety of market risks, which primarily include the risks related to the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. These financial exposures are monitored and managed by the Company as part of its overall risk management program. The objective of this risk management program is to reduce the volatility that these market risks may have on the Company's operating results and equity. Certain of the Company's inventory purchases are denominated in foreign currencies, which expose the Company to market risk associated with exchange rate movements. The Company's policy generally is to hedge major foreign currency transaction exposures through foreign exchange forward contracts. These contracts are entered into with major financial institutions thereby minimizing the risk of credit loss. In addition, the Company's investments in foreign subsidiaries are denominated in foreign currencies, which create exposures to changes in exchange rates. The Company uses debt and derivatives denominated in the applicable foreign currency as a means of hedging a portion of this risk. With the Company’s significant level of variable interest rate long-term debt and net investment hedges, changes in the interest rate environment can have a major impact on the Company’s earnings, depending upon its interest rate exposure. As a result, the Company manages its interest rate exposure with the use of interest rate swaps, when appropriate, based upon market conditions. The manufacturing of some of the Company’s products requires the use of commodities, which are subject to market fluctuations. In order to limit the unanticipated impact on earnings from such market fluctuations, the Company selectively enters into commodity swaps for certain materials used in the production of its products. Additionally, the Company uses non-derivative methods, such as the precious metal consignment agreements to effectively hedge commodity risks. Cash Flow Hedges The Company uses interest rate swaps to convert a portion of its variable interest rate debt to fixed interest rate debt. As of September 30, 2009, the Company has three groups of significant variable interest rate to fixed rate interest rate swaps. One of the groups of swaps has notional amounts totaling 12.6 billion Japanese yen, and effectively converts the underlying variable interest rates to an average fixed interest rate of 1.6% for a term of ten years, ending in September 2012. Another swap has a notional amount of 65.0 million Swiss francs, and effectively converts the underlying variable interest rates to a fixed interest rate of 4.2% for a term of seven years, ending in September 2012. A third group of swaps has a notional amount of $150.0 million, and effectively converts the underlying variable interest rates to a fixed interest rate of 3.9% for a term of two years, ending March 2010. The Company enters into interest rate swap contracts infrequently as they are only used to manage interest rate risk on long-term debt instruments and not for speculative purposes. The Company selectively enters into commodity swaps to effectively fix certain variable raw material costs. At September 30, 2009, the Company had swaps in place to purchase 948 troy ounces of platinum bullion for use in the production of its impression material products. The average fixed rate of this agreement is $1,240 per troy ounce. In addition, the Company had swaps in place to purchase 85,428 troy ounces of silver bullion for use in the production of its amalgam products at an average fixed rate of $14 per troy ounce. The Company enters into forward exchange contracts to hedge the foreign currency exposure of its anticipated purchases of certain inventory. In addition, exchange contracts are used by certain of the Company's subsidiaries to hedge intercompany inventory purchases, which are denominated in non-local currencies. The forward contracts that are used in these programs typically mature in twelve months or less. For these derivatives which qualify as hedges of future anticipated cash flows, the effective portion of changes in fair value is temporarily deferred in AOCI and then recognized in earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. Hedges of Net Investments in Foreign Operations The Company has numerous investments in foreign subsidiaries. The net assets of these subsidiaries are exposed to volatility in currency exchange rates. Currently, the Company uses non-derivative financial instruments, including foreign currency denominated debt held at the parent company level and derivative financial instruments to hedge some of this exposure. Translation gains and losses related to the net assets of the foreign subsidiaries are offset by gains and losses in the non-derivative and derivative financial instruments designated as hedges of net investments. In the first quarter of 2005, the Company entered into cross currency interest rate swaps with a notional principal value of Swiss francs 457.5 million paying three month Swiss franc London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) and receiving three month U.S. dollar LIBOR on $384.4 million. In the first quarter of 2006, the Company entered into additional cross currency interest rate swaps with a notional principal value of Swiss francs 55.5 million paying three month Swiss franc LIBOR and receiving three month U.S. dollar LIBOR on $42.0 million. In the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company entered into additional cross currency interest rate swaps with a notional principal value of Swiss francs 80.4 million paying three month Swiss franc LIBOR and receiving three month U.S. dollar LIBOR on $64.4 million. In the first quarter of 2007, the Company entered into additional cross currency interest rate swaps with a notional principal value of Swiss francs 56.6 million paying three month Swiss franc LIBOR and receiving three month U.S. dollar LIBOR on $46.3 million. Additionally, in the fourth quarter of 2005, the Company entered into cross currency interest rate swaps with a notional principal value of Euro 358.0 million paying three month Euro LIBOR and receiving three month U.S. dollar LIBOR on $419.7 million. In the first quarter of 2009, the Company terminated Swiss francs 57.5 million cross currency swap at a fair value of zero. In the second and third quarters of 2009, the Company amended certain of its Swiss franc and Euro cross currency interest rate swaps to extend their maturity dates for an additional three years. Specifically, a total of Swiss francs 300 million have been extended to March and April of 2013 and a total of Euro 250 million have been extended to December 2013. The Swiss franc and Euro cross currency interest rate swaps are designated as net investment hedges of the Swiss and Euro denominated net assets. The interest rate differential is recognized in the earnings as interest income or interest expense as it is accrued, the foreign currency revaluation is recorded in AOCI, net of tax effects. The fair value of these cross currency interest rate swap agreements is the estimated amount the Company would (pay)/ receive at the reporting date, taking into account the effective interest rates and foreign exchange rates. As of September 30, 2009, the estimated net fair values of the swap agreements were negative $186.8 million, which are recorded in AOCI, net of tax effects, and as other noncurrent liabilities and other noncurrent assets. At September 30, 2009, the Company had Euro-denominated, Swiss franc-denominated, and Japanese yen-denominated debt and cross currency interest rate swaps (at the parent company level) to hedge the currency exposure related to a designated portion of the net assets of its European, Swiss and Japanese subsidiaries. At September 30, 2009 and 2008, the accumulated translation gains on investments in foreign subsidiaries, primarily denominated in Euros, Swiss francs and Japanese yen, net of these net investment hedges, were $130.8 million and $101.4 million, respectively, which are included in AOCI, net of tax effects. The following tables summarize the fair value of the Company’s derivatives at September 30, 2009.
As of September 30, 2009, $3.9 million of deferred net losses on derivative instruments recorded in AOCI are expected to be reclassified to current earnings during the next twelve months. This reclassification is primarily due to the sale of inventory that includes previously hedged purchases and interest rate swaps. The maximum term over which the Company is hedging exposures to variability of cash flows (for all forecasted transactions, excluding interest payments on variable interest rate debt) is eighteen months. Overall, the derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are highly effective. Any cash flows associated with these instruments are included in cash from operations in accordance with the Company’s policy of classifying the cash flows from these instruments in the same category as the cash flows from the items being hedged. The following tables summarize the fair value and balance sheet location of the Company’s derivatives:
The following table summarizes the income statement impact of the Company’s cash flow hedges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009:
(c) Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income, ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing. The following tables summarize the statement of operations impact of the Company’s hedges of net investment for the three and nine months end September 30, 2009:
The following tables summarize the statement of operations impact of the Company’s hedges not designated as hedging for the three and nine months end September 30, 2009:
(a) Amount of loss reported in AOCI, effective portion.
Amounts recorded in AOCI related to cash flow hedging instruments follow:
Amounts recorded in AOCI related to hedges of net investments in foreign operations follow:
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| 2 | Liberty Media Corporation and Subsidiaries | (8) Financial Instruments
The Company's financial instruments are summarized as follows:
(1) Represents the Company's Sprint equity collars at September 30, 2009. The Company has made borrowings against substantially all of the future cash proceeds to be received by the Company upon expiration of these equity collars. See note 10.
Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Financial Instruments Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on financial instruments are comprised of changes in the fair value of the following:
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| 3 | M&T BANK CORP |
9. Derivative financial instruments
As part of managing interest rate risk, the Company enters into interest rate swap agreements to
modify the repricing characteristics of certain portions of the Company’s portfolios of earning
assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The Company designates interest rate swap agreements
utilized in the management of interest rate risk as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges.
Interest rate swap agreements are generally entered into with counterparties that meet established
credit standards and most contain master netting and collateral provisions protecting the at-risk
party. Based on adherence to the Company’s credit standards and the presence of the netting and
collateral provisions, the Company believes that the credit risk inherent in these contracts is not
significant as of September 30, 2009.
The net effect of interest rate swap agreements was to increase net interest income by $10
million and $5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and
$27 million and $11 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Information about interest rate swap agreements entered into for interest rate risk management
purposes summarized by type of financial instrument the swap agreements were intended to hedge
follows:
The Company utilizes commitments to sell residential and commercial real estate loans to hedge
the exposure to changes in the fair value of real estate loans held for sale. Such commitments
have generally been designated as fair value hedges. The Company also utilizes commitments to sell
real estate loans to offset the exposure to changes in fair value of certain commitments to
originate real estate loans for sale.
For derivatives designated and qualifying as fair value hedges, the fair values of the
derivatives and changes in the fair values of the hedged items are recorded in the Company’s
consolidated balance sheet with the corresponding gain or loss recognized in current earnings. The
difference between changes in the fair values of the interest rate swap agreements and the hedged
items represents hedge ineffectiveness and is recorded in “other revenues from operations” in the
consolidated statement of income. In a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the derivative’s
unrealized gain or loss is initially recorded as a component of other comprehensive income and
subsequently reclassified into earnings when the forecasted transaction affects earnings. The
ineffective portion of the unrealized gain or loss is reported in “other revenues from operations”
immediately. The amount of hedge ineffectiveness recognized in the three- and nine month periods
ended September 2009 and 2008 was not material to the Company’s results of operations.
Derivative financial instruments used for trading purposes included interest rate contracts,
foreign exchange and other option contracts, foreign exchange forward and spot contracts, and
financial futures. Interest rate contracts entered into for trading purposes had notional values of
$14.7 billion and $14.6 billion at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. The
notional amounts of foreign currency and other option and futures contracts entered into for
trading purposes aggregated $809 million and $713 million at September 30, 2009 and December 31,
2008, respectively.
Information about the fair values of derivative instruments in the Company’s
consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of income follows:
In addition, the Company also has commitments to sell and commitments to originate residential
and commercial real estate loans, which are considered derivatives. The Company designates certain
of the commitments to sell real estate loans as fair value hedges of real estate loans held for
sale. Changes in unrealized gains and losses are included in mortgage banking revenues and, in
general, are realized in subsequent periods as the related loans are sold and commitments
satisfied. Those unrealized gains and losses reflect both changes in the value of loans and commitments as well as changes in volume of the loans and commitments outstanding as of each respective period-end date. For the three months ended September 30, 2009, net unrealized pre-tax losses of
$22,672,000 related to commitments to sell real estate loans, net unrealized pre-tax gains of
$4,244,000 related to commitments to originate real estate loans and net unrealized pre-tax gains
of $8,308,000 related to hedged real estate loans held for sale were recognized in the consolidated
statement of income. For the three months ended September 30, 2008, net unrealized pre-tax gains
of $4,505,000 related to commitments to sell real estate loans, net unrealized pre-tax losses of
$5,834,000 related to commitments to originate real estate loans and net unrealized pre-tax gains
of $1,048,000 related to hedged real estate loans held for sale were recognized in the consolidated
statement of income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, net unrealized pre-tax gains of
$2,939,000 related to commitments to sell real estate loans, net unrealized pre-tax gains of
$5,654,000 related to commitments to originate real estate loans and net unrealized pre-tax losses
of $3,302,000 related to hedged real estate loans held for sale were recognized in the consolidated
statement of income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, net unrealized pre-tax gains of
$11,430,000 related to commitments to sell real estate loans, net unrealized pre-tax losses of
$4,952,000 related to commitments to originate real estate loans and net unrealized pre-tax losses
of $6,606,000 related to hedged real estate loans held for sale were recognized in the consolidated
statement of income.
The aggregate fair value of derivative financial instruments in a net liability position at
September 30, 2009 for which the Company was required to post collateral was $266 million. The
fair value of collateral posted for such instruments was $260 million.
The Company’s credit exposure with respect to the
estimated fair value as of September 30, 2009 of interest rate swap agreements used for managing interest rate risk has been substantially
mitigated through master netting arrangements with trading account interest rate contracts with the same counterparties as well as
counterparty postings of $54 million of collateral with the Company.
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| 4 | MARRIOTT INTERNATIONAL INC /MD/ |
We adopted FAS No. 161 on January 3, 2009, the first day of our 2009 fiscal year. FAS No. 161 enhances the current disclosure framework for derivative instruments and hedging activities. In this initial year of adoption, we have elected not to present earlier periods for comparative purposes. The designation of a derivative instrument as a hedge and its ability to meet the FAS No. 133 hedge accounting criteria determine how the change in fair value of the derivative instrument will be reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. A derivative qualifies for hedge accounting if, at inception, the derivative is expected to be highly effective in offsetting the underlying hedged cash flows or fair value and the documentation standards of FAS No. 133 are fulfilled at the time we enter into the derivative contract. A hedge is designated as a cash flow hedge, fair value hedge, or a net investment in foreign operations hedge based on the exposure being hedged. The asset or liability value of the derivative will change in tandem with its fair value. Changes in fair value, for the effective portion of qualifying hedges, are recorded in other comprehensive income (“OCI”). The derivative’s gain or loss is released from OCI to match the timing of the underlying hedged cash flows effect on earnings. We review the effectiveness of our hedging instruments on a quarterly basis, recognize current period hedge ineffectiveness immediately in earnings, and discontinue hedge accounting for any hedge that we no longer consider to be highly effective. We recognize changes in fair value for derivatives not designated as hedges or those not qualifying for hedge accounting in current period earnings. Upon termination of cash flow hedges, we release gains and losses from OCI based on the timing of the underlying cash flows, unless the termination results from the failure of the intended transaction to occur in the expected timeframe. Such untimely transactions require us to immediately recognize in earnings gains and losses previously recorded in OCI. Changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and equity securities expose us to market risk. We manage our exposure to these risks by monitoring available financing alternatives, as well as through development and application of credit granting policies. We also use derivative instruments, including cash flow hedges, net investment in foreign operations hedges, fair value hedges, and other derivative instruments, as part of our overall strategy to manage our exposure to market risks associated with fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. As a matter of policy, we only enter into transactions that we believe will be highly effective at offsetting the underlying risk, and we do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. Our use of derivative instruments to manage market risks exposes us to the risk that a counterparty could default on a derivative contract. Our financial instrument counterparties are high-quality investment or commercial banks with significant experience with such instruments. We manage our exposure to counterparty risk by requiring specific minimum credit standards for our counterparties and by spreading our derivative contracts among diverse counterparties. As of September 11, 2009, we had derivative contracts outstanding with seven investment grade counterparties.
In the event that we were to default under a derivative contract or similar obligation, our derivative counterparty would generally have the right, but not the obligation, to require immediate settlement of some or all open derivative contracts at their then-current fair value. Although the netting terms of our derivative contracts vary by agreement, in a settlement following a default, the liability positions under some of these contracts would be netted against the asset positions with the same counterparty. At September 11, 2009, we had open derivative contracts in a liability or net liability position with a total fair value of $10 million. During the first three quarters of 2009, we used the following derivative instruments to mitigate our interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate risks: Cash Flow Hedges During 2008, we entered into interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk associated with forecasted timeshare note sales. During 2008, eleven swaps were designated as cash flow hedges under FAS No. 133. We terminated nine of the eleven swaps in 2008 and recognized a $6 million loss in “Timeshare sales and services” revenue in our 2008 full-year income statement. The remaining two swaps became ineffective in the fourth quarter of 2008. We recognized a $12 million loss in “Timeshare sales and services” revenue in our full-year 2008 income statement and no longer accounted for them as cash flow hedges under FAS No. 133. We terminated these swaps in the first quarter of 2009 and recognized no additional gain or loss. During 2009 and fiscal years 2008 and 2007, we entered into forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge the risk associated with forecasted transactions for contracts and fees denominated in foreign currencies. These contracts have terms of less than three years. During the 2009 third quarter, we entered into foreign exchange option contracts to hedge the risk associated with forecasted transactions for contracts and fees denominated in foreign currencies. These contracts have terms of less than one year. Net Investment Hedges During 2009, we entered into forward foreign exchange contracts to manage our risk of currency exchange rate volatility associated with certain of our investments in foreign operations. The contracts offset the gains and losses associated with translation adjustments for various investments in foreign operations. Fair Value Hedges In 2003, we entered into an interest rate swap to address interest rate risk. Under this agreement, which has an aggregate notional amount of $92 million and matures in 2010, we receive a floating rate of interest and pay a fixed rate of interest. The swap modifies our interest rate exposure by effectively converting a note receivable with a fixed rate to a floating rate. We classify this swap as a fair value hedge under FAS No. 133 and we recognize the change in the fair value of the swap, as well as the change in the fair value of the underlying note receivable, in interest income. Due to the structure of the swap, the change in its fair value moves in tandem with the change in fair value of the underlying note receivable. The hedge is highly effective and, therefore, we reported no net gain or loss during the first three quarters of 2009. Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments Under FAS No. 133 In certain note sale transactions, we use interest rate swaps to limit the variability in the value of the excess spread (or the difference between the loan portfolio average fixed coupon rate and the variable rate expected by the note investors) due to changing interest rates. Although we expect to receive the excess spread, we provide interest rate swaps for the benefit of the investors in the event the underlying notes do not perform as expected. The interest rate swaps used in some conduit note sale transactions move inversely to the movement in the excess spread and thus provide a natural hedge in the transaction. We use multiple interest rate swaps, including differential swaps, in some of the term asset backed securities transactions that largely offset one another to the extent that the sold notes prepay within expectations. Given the natural hedges provided by both of these types of transactions, we did not apply FAS No. 133 hedge accounting to these interest rate swaps. In certain deals, we sell a portfolio of fixed-coupon consumer loans to investors who require a variable rate of return. If unhedged, an increase in the variable rate of those deals would compress the excess spread; therefore, we enter into these interest rate swaps to preserve the excess spread at the level expected by the investors. At the end of the 2009 third quarter, we had six such swap agreements with expiration dates ranging from 2013 to 2022. Due to market conditions, we were required to enter into a differential swap, representing two of our six outstanding swaps, related to our retained interests for our 2009 first quarter note sale. We do not apply the standards of FAS No. 133 to some of our foreign exchange contracts because there is no material timing difference between the recognition of the gain or loss on the underlying asset or liability and the gain or loss on the derivative instrument. During the first three quarters of 2009 and for fiscal year 2008, we entered into these forward contracts to hedge foreign currency denominated net monetary assets and/or liabilities. We anticipate entering into similar contracts when these contracts expire in the fourth quarter of 2009. Examples of monetary assets and liabilities that we hedge include, but are not limited to, cash, receivables, payables, and debt. Pursuant to FAS No. 52, “Foreign Currency Translation,” the gains or losses on such forward contracts are computed by multiplying the foreign currency amount of the forward contract by the difference between the spot rate at the balance sheet date and the spot rate at the date of inception of the forward contract (or the spot rate last used to measure a gain or loss on that contract for an earlier period). The following tables summarize the fair value of our derivative instruments, and the effect of derivative instruments on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and “Comprehensive income.” Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
The Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income
The Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Statement of Comprehensive Income (1), (2)
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| 5 | MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC | (12) Derivative Instruments The Company has international operations an | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||