Entity information:
NOTE
6.
INCOME TAXES
 
The Company is subject to taxation in the US,
 UK and various US state jurisdictions. The Company’s tax years for
1999
and forward are subject to examination by the US and state tax authorities due to losses incurred since inception. The Company is currently
not
under any material examination by any taxing authorities.
 
The Company follows the provisions of ASC
740
-
10,
Income Taxes
, that defines a recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC
740
-
10
 also provides guidance on the de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. Under ASC
740
-
10,
the impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-
not
to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will
not
be recognized if it has less than a
50%
likely of being sustained.
 
The Company does
not
have any unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.
 
The Company
’s practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income matters in income tax expense. During the year ended
June 30, 2017,
the Company recognized penalties of
$0.1
million. There were
no
interest and penalties recognized by the Company for the year ended
June 30, 2016.
 
Income (
loss) before income taxes for the years ended
June 30, 2017
and
2016
was taxed under the following jurisdictions (in thousands):
 
 
    As of   
   
June 30, 2017
   
June 30, 2016
 
United States
of America
  $
935
    $
246
 
United Kingdom
   
2,723
     
3,495
 
    $
3,658
    $
3,741
 
 
 
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of the following for the years ended
June 30,
201
7
and
2016
(in thousands):
 
   
US
Federal
   
US
State
   
UK
Corporate
   
Total
 
2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
  $
473
    $
111
    $
19
    $
603
 
Deferred
   
(1,550
)
   
(129
)
   
156
     
(1,523
)
Total
  $
(1,077
)
  $
(18
)
  $
175
    $
(920
)
                                 
2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
 
$
-
    $
31
    $
(162
)
  $
(131
)
Deferred
   
-
     
-
     
320
     
320
 
Total
  $
-
    $
31
    $
158
    $
189
 
 
As stated in the recent accounting pronouncements, the Company early adopted ASU
2016
-
09.
  As of
June 30, 2016,
prior to the adoption of ASU
2019
-
09,
the Company had excess tax benefits for which benefits could
not
be previously recognized of approximately
$0.7
million, due to net operating loss carryforwards resulting from the windfall tax benefits.  On
July 1, 2016,
upon the effective date of the adoption, the Company recognized the previously unrecognized excess tax benefits of
$0.7
million with an offsetting increase in the Company’s valuation allowance using a modified retrospective method through a cumulative effect adjustment to the accumulated deficit, with
no
net impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
At
June 30,
201
7,
the Company had net US deferred tax assets of approximately
$2.7
million. Due to uncertainties surrounding the Company’s ability to generate future capital gains, a valuation allowance has been established to offset carry-forwards of its capital losses due to investments previously written off. Additionally, the future utilization of the Company’s federal and state NOLs to offset future taxable income have been determined to be subject to annual limitation pursuant to Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Sections
382
and
383
as a result of ownership changes that have previously occurred.
 
Through its Section
382
study, the Company has analyzed any NOLs from its acquired subsidiaries to determine the maximum potential future tax benefit that might be available, and the corresponding limitation imposed based on IRC Section
382.
As a result, by the year ended
June 30, 2011,
the Company adjusted the aforementioned net operating losses previously estimated. The outcome resulted in a determination that it could utilize, annually, approximately
$0.
4
million of previously incurred NOLs; presuming, however, there is taxable income in future periods affording utilization prior to expiration.
 
At
June 30,
201
7,
the Company had combined federal and state NOLs of approximately
$4.4
million and
$2.6
million, respectively. The federal and state tax loss carry-forwards will begin to expire in
2019
and
2024,
respectively, unless previously utilized.
 
Significant components of the Company
’s net deferred tax assets at
June 30, 2017
and
2016
are shown below. A valuation allowance of
$1.7
million and
$4.9
million has been established to offset the net deferred tax assets as of
June 30, 2017
and
2016,
respectively. The
$3.2
million net decrease in the valuation allowance for the year ended
June 30, 2017
is primarily attributable to the partial release of the valuation allowance during the
three
months ended
June 30, 2017.
The Company released the valuation allowance on all of its domestic deferred tax assets, except for capital loss carry-forwards that are
not
more likely than
not
to be realized.
 
Included in the Company
’s current year tax benefit for the change in valuation allowance of
$3.9M
is the excess tax benefit of
$0.7
million. 
 
The tax effects of temporary differences and carry-forwards that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following at
June 30,
201
7
and
2016
(in thousands):
 
   
June 30,
   
June 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
 
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
State taxes
  $
36
    $
1
 
Net operating loss carry-forwards
   
1,549
     
2,759
 
Write-down of investments
   
1,716
     
1,745
 
Equity-based compensation
   
63
     
67
 
Reserves and accruals
   
329
     
274
 
Deferred rent
   
4
     
3
 
Tax credits
   
9
     
-
 
Domestic intangibles and other long-lived assets
   
-
     
101
 
Total deferred tax assets
   
3,706
     
4,950
 
                 
Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign
intangible and other long-lived assets
   
(718
)
   
(546
)
Domestic i
ntangible and other long-lived assets
   
(110
)
   
 
 
Unremitted foreign earnings
   
(165
)
   
-
 
Total deferred tax liabilities
   
(993
)
   
(546
)
                 
Valuation allowance
   
(1,716
)
   
(4,939
)
Net deferred tax
assets (
liabilities
)
  $
997
    $
(535
)
 
The provision
(benefit) for income taxes for the years ended
June 30, 2017
and
2016
differs from the amount computed by applying the US federal income tax rates to net income from continuing operations before taxes as a result of the following (in thousands):
 
   
June 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
 
Taxes at federal statutory rates
  $
1,244
    $
1,272
 
State taxes, net of federal benefit
   
93
     
8
 
Rate changes
   
289
     
(19
)
Unrecognized tax benefits    
88
     
-
 
Permanent items and other
   
116
     
100
 
Research and development
   
(333
)
   
(577
)
NOL expiration
   
3
     
-
 
Differential in UK corporate tax rate
   
(388
)
   
(515
)
Unremitted foreign earnings
   
164
     
-
 
Stock compensation
   
(237
)
   
-
 
Foreign dividends
   
9,452
     
-
 
Foreign tax credits
   
(7,522
)
   
-
 
Change in valuation allowance
   
(3,889
)
   
(80
)
(Benefit)
provision for income taxes
  $
(920
)
  $
189
 
 
During the year ended
June 30, 2016,
the Company completed a formal research and development expense study in the UK and identified qualifying expenses related to the prior years which resulted in a reduction in the tax provision of
$0.2
million, which is included in the rate reconciliation above.