| (10) | Income Taxes |
Income tax benefit consisted of the following (in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | |||||||
| Current: | ||||||||
| Federal | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
| State | — | — | ||||||
| Total Current | — | — | ||||||
| Deferred: | ||||||||
| Federal | 1,633 | (134 | ) | |||||
| State | (32 | ) | (19 | ) | ||||
| Change in Valuation Allowance | (1,601 | ) | 153 | |||||
| Total Deferred | — | — | ||||||
| Total | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
The reasons for the differences between the statutory Federal income tax rate and the effective tax rate are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | |||||||||||||||
| Amount | % of Pretax Loss |
Amount | % of Pretax Loss |
|||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit at statutory rate | $ | (200 | ) | 34.0 | % | $ | (135 | ) | 34.0 | % | ||||||
| Increase (decrease) resulting from: | ||||||||||||||||
| State taxes, net of Federal tax benefit | (21 | ) | 3.6 | % | (13 | ) | 3.3 | % | ||||||||
| Other permanent differences | — | — | (5 | ) | 1.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Reduction in Federal income-tax rate | 1822 | (309.3 | %) | — | — | |||||||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | (1,601 | ) | 271.7 | % | 153 | (38.6 | %) | |||||||||
| $ | — | — | $ | — | — | |||||||||||
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are presented below (in thousands).
| At December 31, | ||||||||
| 2017 | 2016 | |||||||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||
| Net operating loss carryforwards | $ | 3,547 | $ | 5,125 | ||||
| Premises and equipment | 66 | 78 | ||||||
| Accrued expenses | 104 | — | ||||||
| Nonaccrual loan interest | 122 | 287 | ||||||
| Unrealized loss on available for sale securities | 85 | 153 | ||||||
| Other | 56 | 56 | ||||||
| Gross deferred tax assets | 3,980 | 5,699 | ||||||
| Less: Valuation allowance | 3,792 | 5,393 | ||||||
| Net deferred tax assets | 188 | 306 | ||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||
| Allowance for loan losses | (77 | ) | (114 | ) | ||||
| Loan costs | (26 | ) | (39 | ) | ||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | (103 | ) | (153 | ) | ||||
| Net deferred tax asset | $ | 85 | $ | 153 | ||||
During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company assessed its earnings history and trend over the past year and its estimate of future earnings, and determined that it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would not be realized in the near term. Accordingly, a valuation allowance was recorded and maintained against the net deferred tax asset for the amount not expected to be realized in the future.
At December 31, 2017, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $14.0 million for Federal tax purposes and $13.9 million for Florida tax purposes available to offset future taxable income. These carryforwards will begin to expire in 2029. A portion of the Federal and Florida net operating losses are subject to Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitations.
The Company files U.S. and Florida income tax returns. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. Federal or state income tax examinations by taxing authorities for years before 2014.
The Company regularly reviews its tax positions in each significant taxing jurisdiction in the process of evaluating its unrecognized tax benefits. The Company makes adjustments to its unrecognized tax benefits when: (i) facts and circumstances regarding a tax position change, causing a change in management’s judgment regarding that tax position; (ii) a tax position is effectively settled with a tax authority at a differing amount; and/or (iii) the statute of limitations expires regarding a tax position. The Company does not expect to a change in unrecognized tax benefits in the next year.