NOTE 6 – INCOME TAXES
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the federal income tax benefit to the United States federal statutory rate for the years ended August 31, 2017 and 2016:
| 2017 | 2016 | |||||||
| Loss before provision for income taxes | $ | (2,135,126 | ) | $ | (1,213,939 | ) | ||
| Income tax benefit at 34% statutory rate | 725,943 | 412,739 | ||||||
| Non-deductible business meals and entertainment | (193 | ) | (206 | ) | ||||
| Increase in valuation allowance | (725,750 | ) | (412,533 | ) | ||||
| $ | — | $ | — | |||||
The tax effects of the temporary differences between reportable financial statement income and taxable income are recognized as a deferred tax asset and liability. Significant components of the deferred tax assets are set out below along with a valuation allowance to reduce the net deferred tax asset to zero.
Management has established a valuation allowance because of the potential that the tax benefits underlying deferred tax asset may not be realized. Significant components of our deferred tax asset at August 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:
| 2017 | 2016 | |||||||
| Net operating loss carryforward | $ | 4,364,324 | $ | 4,189,910 | ||||
| Stock-based compensation | 1,694,459 | 1,649,967 | ||||||
| Assets, exploration cost, depreciation and amortization | 3,734,534 | 3,703,770 | ||||||
| Impairment of surface lease | 474,070 | — | ||||||
| Less valuation allowance | (10,267,388 | ) | (9,543,646 | ) | ||||
| Net deferred tax asset | $ | — | $ | — | ||||
As a result of a change in control effective in April 2007, our net operating losses prior to that date may be partially or entirely unavailable, by law, to offset future income and, accordingly, are excluded from the associated deferred tax asset.
The gross net operating loss carryforward in the approximate amount of $12,691,000 will begin to expire in 2022. We file income tax returns in the United States and in one state jurisdiction. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to United States federal income tax examinations for fiscal years ending before 2011, and is no longer subject to state tax examinations for years before 2010.
We also record any financial statement recognition and disclosure requirements for uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Financial statement recognition of the tax position is dependent on an assessment of a 50% or greater likelihood that the tax position will be sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. Any interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recorded as interest expense. We believe we have no uncertain tax positions at August 31, 2017 and 2016.