| 33 |
Income tax expense
|
|
For the year ended 31 December
|
||||||||||||
|
2017
|
2016
|
2015
|
||||||||||
|
Current income tax expense
|
1,942,238
|
3,905,968
|
6,386,149
|
|||||||||
|
Deferred income tax (Note 31)
|
(724,712
|
)
|
(440,817
|
)
|
(687,206
|
)
|
||||||
|
Total
|
1,217,526
|
3,465,151
|
5,698,943
|
|||||||||
|
For the year ended 31 December
|
||||||||||||
|
2017
|
2016
|
2015
|
||||||||||
|
Notional tax on profit before income tax expense, calculated at the applicable income tax rates in the countries concerned
|
26.13
|
%
|
25.16
|
%
|
25.11
|
%
|
||||||
|
Effect of tax losses not recognized
|
18.45
|
%
|
1.58
|
%
|
(0.12
|
%)
|
||||||
|
Effect of deductible temporary differences not recognized
|
6.04
|
%
|
(0.20
|
%)
|
(0.16
|
%)
|
||||||
|
Effect of non-taxable income
|
(12.37
|
%)
|
(2.89
|
%)
|
(1.77
|
%)
|
||||||
|
Effect of non-deductible expenses
|
7.05
|
%
|
1.09
|
%
|
1.37
|
%
|
||||||
|
Others
|
(1.84
|
%)
|
0.35
|
%
|
0.39
|
%
|
||||||
|
Effective tax rate
|
43.46
|
%
|
25.09
|
%
|
24.82
|
%
|
||||||