| | (b) | Basis of preparation |
| (1) | Basis of measurement |
| (i) | Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss (including derivative financial instruments) (note 7); |
| (ii) | Hedging derivative financial instruments measured at fair value (note 7); |
| (iii) | Available-for-sale financial assets measured at fair value (note 8); and |
| (iv) | Defined benefit asset (liability) is recognized as the fair value of the plan assets less the present value of the defined benefit obligation (note 24). |
| (2) | Functional and presentation currency |