(2) Basis of consolidated financial statement presentation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Bank and its subsidiaries (including structured entities) controlled by the Bank (the “Group”). The Group determines that the Group controls an investee if the Group has all the following: 1) power over the investee, 2) exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, 3) the ability to use its power over the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s returns. The Group reassesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above.
When the Group has less than a majority of the voting rights of an investee, it still has the power over the investee if the voting rights are sufficient to give it the practical ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee unilaterally.
The Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether or not the Group’s voting rights in an investee are sufficient to give it power, including:
| • | The size of the Group’s holding of voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of holdings of the other vote holders; |
| • | Potential voting rights held by the Group, other vote holders or other parties; |
| • | Rights arising from other contractual arrangements; or |
| • | Any additional facts and circumstances that indicate that the Group has, or does not have, the current ability to direct the relevant activities at the time that decisions need to be made, including voting patterns at previous shareholders’ meetings. |
Income and expenses of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income from the effective date of acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, respectively, as appropriate. The carrying amount of non-controlling interests is adjusted to reflect their proportional share of changes in equity subsequent to the initial recognition. Total comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Group and the non-controlling interests even if this result in the non-controlling interests has a deficit balance.
When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies in line with those adopted by the Group.
All intra-group transactions, related assets and liabilities, income and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation.
Changes in the Group’s ownership interests in subsidiaries, without a loss of control, are accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amounts of the owners’ interests and the non-controlling interests are adjusted to reflect the changes in their relative interests in the subsidiaries. Any difference between the adjusted non-controlling interests and the fair value of the consideration paid or received is recognized directly in equity and attributed to owners of the Group.
When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, the profit or loss on disposal is calculated as the difference between (i) the aggregate of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest and (ii) the previous carrying amount of the assets (including goodwill), and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interests. When the assets of the subsidiary are carried at revalued amounts or fair values and the related cumulative gain or loss has been recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity, the amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the relevant assets (i.e. reclassified to net income or transferred directly to retained earnings). The fair value of any investment retained in the former subsidiary at the date when control is lost is recognized as the fair value on initial recognition for subsequent accounting under IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement or, when applicable, the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or a joint venture.