5. Exchange rates
The Group uses the average of exchange rates prevailing during the period to translate the results and cash flows of overseas subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates into Sterling and period end rates to translate the net assets of those entities. The currencies which most influence these translations and the relevant exchange rates were as follows:
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||
|
Average rates: |
||||||||||||
|
US$/£ |
1.30 | 1.36 | 1.53 | |||||||||
|
Euro/£ |
1.15 | 1.23 | 1.37 | |||||||||
|
Yen/£ |
145 | 149 | 185 | |||||||||
|
Period end rates: |
||||||||||||
|
US$/£ |
1.35 | 1.24 | 1.47 | |||||||||
|
Euro/£ |
1.13 | 1.17 | 1.36 | |||||||||
|
Yen/£ |
152 | 144 | 177 | |||||||||